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In locusts, POL-neurons innervate specific, mostly small and distinct neuropils in the brain that are specialized for integration and processing of polarized-light information. ) and in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria ( Vitzthum et al., 2002 Polarization-sensitive (POL) interneurons have been studied in the brain of the field cricket ( Labhart, 1988 Photoreceptors in the DRA are highly sensitive to polarized light and send axonal projections to distinct dorsal regions of the lamina and medulla ( Blum and Labhart, 2000 These and other insect species detect the plane of skylight polarization ( E-vector) with a specialized dorsal rim area (DRA) of their compound eye ( Labhart and Meyer, 1999 Studies on bees and ants have shown that these insects use the celestial polarization pattern for spatial orientation and navigation ( Wehner, 1992 Many insects are able to perceive the pattern of polarized light in the blue sky ( Horváth and Varjú, 2004 Visualization of both neurons revealed a potential connection of the CPU1a and GFS neurons in layer II of the upper division of the central body. To examine whether the GFS neuron is a candidate to contribute to synaptic input to the CPU1a neuron, we registered both neurons into the standardized central complex. To explore the usefulness of this atlas, two central-complex neurons, a polarization-sensitive columnar neuron (type CPU1a) and a tangential neuron that is activated during flight, the giant fan-shaped (GFS) neuron, were reconstructed 3D from brain sections. To investigate neuronal connections between diverse central-complex neurons, we generated a higher-resolution standard atlas of the central complex and surrounding areas, using the ISA method based on brain sections from 20 individual central complexes. The central complex is a key processing stage for polarization information in the locust brain. Comparison of both standardization methods showed that the VIB standard is ideal for comparative volume analysis of neuropils, whereas the ISA standard is the method of choice to analyze the morphology and connectivity of neurons. Have generated a three-dimensional (3D) standard brain from confocal microscopy image stacks of 10 male brains, using two different standardization methods, the Iterative Shape Averaging (ISA) procedure and the Virtual Insect Brain (VIB) protocol. To create a common platform for anatomical studies on polarization vision pathways, Kurylas et al. We have investigated the polarization vision system in the desert locust. Many insects use the pattern of polarized light in the sky for spatial orientation and navigation.